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On 4 December 1952, the first members of the Court of Justice took up their duties with the mission of ensuring that "the law is observed", especially "in the interpretation and application" of the Treaties. Based in Luxembourg, the CJEU started as a single court …

As a result of online investigations, criminal courts are confronted with the question of whether electronic evidence presented in criminal proceedings is admissible. Rules governing the admissibility of electronic evidence vary in the legal frameworks of different Member States, and are continuously challenged by the evolution of digital devices.

On 16 December 2022, the Council decided to withhold €6.5 billion of EU funds for Hungary. It is the first Council decision applying the new conditionality mechanism which allows the EU to protects its budget if certain breaches of the rule of law by an EU Member State adversely affect the sound financial management of the EU budget.

This news item continues the overview of recent rule-of-law developments in Poland (as far as they relate to European law) since the last update in eucrim 3/2022, 168-169.

On 19 December 2022, the Commission proposed new rules that will update and further harmonise the EU's legal framework on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings.

At the summit of 15 December 2022, the European Council endorsed the decision to grant the status of EU candidate country to Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, before accession negotiations can formally be launched, Bosnia and Herzegovina still has to implement further reforms. This mainly …

The European Parliament gave green light for EU Member States to ratify the Second Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime. The Council can now adopt the act enabling Member States to act jointly in the interest of the EU and ratify the CoE treaty.

In November 2022, the European Parliament and the Council reached a provisional political agreement on the future EU legislation on obtaining e-evidence across the bloc, while civil society organisations urged the co-legislators to substantially improve the protection of fundamental rights.

On 22 December 2022, the Commission presented new figures on the training of judicial professionals on EU law in 2021. They show an upward trend for the training of some groups of legal professionals (e.g. lawyers) while others (e.g. judges) have not reached the level of pre-pandemic years.

According to AG Sánchez-Bordona, a serious heath risk to a person subject to surrender by means of a European Arrest Warrant may justify a postponement of surrender, but not a refusal to execute the EAW with no further justification. The executing authority is obliged to communicate with the issuing authority.