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This article examines the judicial cooperation between Europe and Morocco in combatting organised crime and terrorism. Despite Morocco’s strategic role and its expertise in anti-drug and counter-terrorism efforts, there is currently no specific formal legal framework on the part of the European Union that governs …

I. Introduction The idea of a centralised supranational public prosecutor originates from a revolutionary dream of experts envisaged in the renowned Corpus Juris1 project (1997) and its follow-up study2 (2000). The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) provided the legal basis for a possible establishment of a European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO),3 and the concept since then has gained further support inter alia through the Action Plan of the Stockholm programme and the recently conducted EPPO Study.4 The synergies and effects of academic research and political realism over little more than a decade are readily apparent. The…

Dear Readers, While internal and external security remain key priorities for the European Union, they require constant adaptation to the evolving crime situation and geopolitical context. As the April 2025 EU Security Strategy (ProtectEU) puts it, the current threat landscape is stark: the line between hybrid threats and open warfare is becoming increasingly blurred, and hostile states are waging hybrid campaigns against the EU across online and offline domains to disrupt our societal cohesion and democratic processes. As Europol outlines, powerful organised crime networks are proliferating in Europe, most with extra-EU connections, penetrating our economy and affecting our society. Cryptocurrencies…

The proposed European Union’s budget for external action is €200 billion for the 2028–2034 period , supporting development, humanitarian aid, and foreign policy worldwide. The EU is facing mounting budgetary challenges, including greater complexity, the emergence of new international actors with approaches differing significantly from …

The relationship between the European Union (EU) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in the context of anti-corruption efforts represents a multi-dimensional and strategic partnership that responds to the complexity of global corruption challenges. This article explores the collaboration between the …

Dear Readers, The main concern of the European Court of Human Rights is of course to succeed in its mission to protect fundamental rights in Europe. Criminal law, substantive or procedural, is a domain where the need to protect society, whether at the level of the individual state or that of the organisation of European integration – at the quasi-federal level of the Union – must necessarily be confronted and associated with the need to protect fundamental rights. Such is the imperative arising from the irreversible choices made by European States in acceding to the European Convention on Human Rights…

Dear Readers, On the eve of 2011, eucrim can look forward to celebrating its fifth anniversary: the first issue was published in 2006. The idea for the creation of eucrim came about in 2003 at the Strafrechtslehrertagung, the regular meeting of law professors in the German-speaking world, where the development of European criminal law was discussed. During these deliberations, remarks highly critical of Europeanisation but supported by incomplete and misleading information were made, and participants complained about a lack of information in the field of European criminal law. To improve this unsatisfactory situation, I proposed in the discussion that the…

Dear Readers of this jubilee issue on OLAF, In 2024, the European Anti-Fraud Office – OLAF – was celebrating its 25th anniversary. This occasion fills me with joy, pride, and gratitude, as the Office has proven to be a great success in the fight against fraud affecting the financial interests of the EU over the last quarter of the century. OLAF took over operations from the first European anti-fraud entity – UCLAF – in 1999 (UCLAF had been created in 1987 as part of the Secretariat-General of the European Commission). Since then, we have come a long way. While still…

This article outlines the new Directive on the violation of Union restrictive measures (EU sanctions), adopted on 24 April 2024. This legislation, initiated by the European Commission in the aftermath of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, above all aims to harmonise across the Member …

A 2023 non-conviction based (NCB) forfeiture order was recently issued against three clubhouses in Canada. Each served as the chapter headquarters for an outlaw motorcycle gang. Clubhouses form the base of operations for their organized criminal activities. The protracted litigation started in 2007, and a …